Juvenile Osteoporosis - Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment
Juvenile osteoporosis - A disease of bone in children up to 18 years with impaired bone metabolism, leading to a significant reduction in bone mineralization. It manifested by pain of varying intensity, usually in the lumbar spine. It is also characterized by frequent fractures, including compression fractures of the vertebral bodies. Juvenile osteoporosis is diagnosed based on history and clinical data confirmed the results of the survey tool skeleton. Various radiographic techniques and biopsy. Treatment of complex, aimed at increasing the degree of bone mineralization, the elimination of pain, prevention of further development of the disease.
Juvenile osteoporosis
osteoporosis refers to a group of primary osteoporosis, it means that develops the pathology without visible reasons: endocrine disorders, infections, rheumatic, etc. Typically, ill children aged 8-14 years, which is due to the specific and general metabolic exchange substances in bone prepubertal. During this period, peak bone mass is reached, and any violation of the already existing exchange often makes its debut on this background. Girls are affected about twice as often as boys, which is explained by the peculiarities of hormonal levels.
Total to date in pediatric described about 100 cases of juvenile osteoporosis, but the disease does not lose its relevance, since it is impossible to eliminate the cause of bone metabolism disorders, and therefore treatment often has only a temporary effect. Osteoporosis various etiologies is the reason for more than half of the total number of diagnosed vertebral compression fractures. It is this change complicates the course of the disease and the prognosis for the child's health. In addition, the incidence in recent years has been steadily increasing due to improper diet of children, often from birth.
fractures (including hip) parents and other close relatives. The survey shows that bone mineral density can be reduced in the patient's brothers and sisters. Juvenile osteoporosis is largely due to a violation of calcium and phosphorus metabolism in the body, the central regulation of the metabolism of these minerals can be broken at any pathogen exposure in utero.
With regard to environmental factors play a major role here bowel disease as calcium metabolism is closely associated with the gastrointestinal tract, especially the small intestine, where calcium is normally absorbed into the bloodstream. Irrational child nutrition can also contribute to the development of juvenile osteoporosis. It was at an early age is the formation of bone metabolism, regulation of synthesis and breakdown of bone tissue, as well as the continued laying of osteoblasts pool. Lack of exercise leads to the activation of osteoclasts, bone destructive, physical inactivity is therefore another risk factor.
forearm fracture, for example, of the radius. After hospitalization the survey is conducted, during which the disease is detected and.
Juvenile Osteoporosis also can be suspected in case of violation of bearing a child, especially if it is combined with the slowdown in growth. Unfortunately, often the first symptom of disease becomes a compression fracture of the vertebral body. Tellingly, even such a serious symptom may go unnoticed. The child begins to complain of pain in the fracture, notably muscle back strain. Parents should pay attention to possible preceded the appearance of the complaints fall on his back. In general, pain in juvenile osteoporosis is characterized by the fact that NSAIDs are not effective in relieving pain.
pediatrician suspected osteoporosis. If excluded endocrine, infectious, and other reasons, then, most likely, we are talking about juvenile osteoporosis. The diagnosis is confirmed on the basis of a comprehensive survey, including non-invasive and invasive methods. Panoramic radiography detects a decrease in bone density, pockets of enlightenment and expansion of the medullary canal, but these signs appear at lower salinity of 20-30%, that is, are late. On CT scans can visualize space compression fractures.
In juvenile osteoporosis, reduced bone mineralization requires confirmation. To do this more often held dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The method is a variation of densitometry and with high accuracy (up to 2%) to determine bone density. The indicator is compared with the norm for a given age, and in patients is lower than normal. Quite often we have to resort to invasive methods of diagnosis, that is, to the iliac bone biopsy. This is the most accurate method to evaluate the histological bone structure and confirm the juvenile osteoporosis significantly.
physiotherapy. Disorders of bone metabolism can be eliminated in two ways: by increasing bone formation or decreasing bone resorption rate. Frequently used drugs affecting both of these processes (generally hormonal). Also, drugs are necessarily used vitamin D and calcium. This therapy affects the pathogenesis of juvenile osteoporosis, and can be administered by a specialist.
Medications for pain selected individually. Pathogenetic therapy also helps reduce pain. Patients with juvenile osteoporosis is shown wearing a corset, because even with the successful treatment of possible progression of the stoop, which further degrades the quality of life in adulthood. In addition, corsets unload the spine, reducing the risk of compression fractures. Rational diet balanced in protein, calcium and phosphorus, and is an essential component of therapy. In remission appointed LFK. Forecast juvenile osteoporosis questionable due to the inability etiotrop treatment, even with timely complex therapy remains a risk of disability.