Youth melanoma - causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment
Youth melanoma - Benign tumor, the type of mixed nevus appearing in the first years of life or during adolescence and asymptomatic. It is a papule pink-red or yellow-brown color with clear boundaries and varying consistency. Located often on the face, rarely on the limbs skin, in the initial stages is growing rapidly, then growth stops. Youth melanoma is diagnosed on the basis of the results of the histological study that reveals characteristic signs of the formation and excluding a life-threatening tumor. Surgical treatment is carried out excision of nevus, usually with the help of a laser.
Youth melanoma
melanoma. However, in 1948 the American pathologist Sophie Spitz nevus has determined the structure of education, which accounts for his second name - Spitz nevus (Spitz). The overall incidence of 1.5 cases per 100000 people of all age groups. It observed in the majority of cases in children 3-15 years of age. Less common in older adolescents and adults, 10% of patients there from birth.
As with all types of combined nevus is a benign form. Cases are rare malignancy, but an increasing number of atypical forms with uncharacteristic morphological features and localization, multiple nevi are more common Spitz (1-2% of the total number of cases) in recent years. Atypical tumors are more likely to degenerate into melanoma, which ensures the relevance of growth juvenile melanoma in pediatric patients. Along with these changes, and treatment strategy that is becoming more radical. Surgical techniques are also being improved.
The pediatrician may suspect benign melanoma youth on the basis of the child's age, neoplasia sizes up to 10 mm, clear boundaries and the absence of ulceration. However, even these symptoms do not completely eliminate the malignant melanoma. This requires carrying out histological examination with determination of cell nevus composition, as well as the specific characteristics of the cells.
For junior melanoma veretenovidnokletochnoe characteristic structure, with cells arranged in vertical rows. Less nevus represented epithelioid cells having multiple cores with a characteristic localization near the cell membrane and not in the middle. The cells themselves may have only a small degree of atypism. Mitotic processes are not observed, unlike malignant neoplasias in which an active cell division observed. In this formation boundaries are clearly differentiated. When diascopy youthful melanoma rayed just like healthy skin layers.
Experts continue to debate the issues of therapy. On the one hand, malignancy occurs infrequently, so the necessary measures only regular monitoring and histological examination may be considered. On the other hand, modern surgery techniques make it easy to get rid of youthful melanoma. It is recommended to do it before the onset of puberty, because during this period the highest percentage of malignancy formations. The operation is performed with surgical laser. The prerequisites are complete excision indented from the altered tissue by 10 mm on each side. In this case, there is no recurrence. Weather favorable.