Bruised foot - causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment
Bruised foot - Closed traumatic injury to the soft tissues of the lower limb. Most often it occurs in everyday life: at home in the fall or in the street, struck with a blunt object or a heavy object falling on the foot. Less is formed as a result of sports and work-related injuries, accidents and falls from a height. Manifested by swelling and local tenderness. Support is usually preserved, the movement may be limited because of the pain. Diagnosis exhibited after the exclusion of other damages, in the process of diagnosis can be used X-ray, MRI, CT, ultrasound and other joint research. Treatment is conservative.
Bruised foot
traumatology and orthopedics.
Hematomas are rare.
Such injuries legs should be differentiated from hip fractures. Unlike fractures, bruises forced position and the shortening of the limbs are missing, stuck heel symptom negative (raising the leg while lying on his back, the patient can tear off the heel from the surface). When the feeling of bone structures and effleurage on the greater trochanter pain is not sharp, the maximum pain is defined in the soft tissue area. X-ray of the hip is normal. According to the CT bone structures are not changed.
Treatment is carried out in the emergency room. Patients are advised to ensure peace limb and apply cold to the bruise. With 2-3 days give direction on UHF. When severe pain prescribe analgesics. Usually bruised foot passes in 2-3 weeks. Sometimes there osumkovanie hematomas in patients with severe edema may develop Subfascial hypertensive syndrome - pain due to compression of the swollen muscles and bones inelastic fascia. In severe leg injury may occur traumatic detachment of soft tissues. A small detachment punctured, and then applied to the affected area with a pressure bandage. For large detachments make a small incision, removed the contents (and blood clots) and drain the cavity half-tube or rubber graduate.
hip fracture prescribe radiographs of the femur. If you suspect a patient is sent a hematoma on MRI. Treatment is usually conservative - quiet, elevated position limbs, first cold, then dry heat and UHF. The big reveal bruises, clots were removed, the cavity is drained, crossed impose a pressure bandage. For small hematomas used expectant management.
Strong thigh bruises are often accompanied by the development of subfascial hypertensive syndrome, so in severe swelling and intense pain trauma pressure measurement is carried out in bone-fascial beds. Increasing the pressure to 30 mm or more. Hg. Art. is an indication to the opening of the fascia. Ability to work with light injuries recovered within 2-3 weeks, with severe bruises and hematomas duration of treatment may be a month or more.
In the late period after such injuries legs (especially heavy), in some cases develops muscle fibrosis and myositis ossificans. Fibrosis is caused by muscle futlyarnoy syndrome and subsequent replacement of muscle by connective tissue fibers. When myositis ossificans in the thickness of muscle formed small plots of ossification - ossification. Most affected quadriceps. Prevention of complications is adherence, timely use of absorbable means in accordance with the assignments trauma and early onset of movements.
Knee injury accompanied by swelling, pain, and difficulty hemarthrosis movements. Often identified hemorrhage (usually - on the front or the anterolateral surface of the joint). Prop saved, it is possible lameness. On palpation determined by local pain, feeling bony prominences painless crepitations not.
Leg injury in the knee joint must be differentiated with ligament damage, meniscus tear, and intra-articular fractures. Delete the damaged ligament helps the absence of abnormal mobility and pain on palpation of the bunch. The differential diagnosis between the injury and the rupture of the meniscus difficult to conduct in the acute period, as in the first days after injury nonspecific symptoms predominate when damaged meniscus. In doubtful cases, the patients sent for an MRI or arthroscopy of the knee joint. To exclude fractures prescribe X-rays of the knee joint.
Treatment is conservative: rest, cold and then dry heat, elevated position limbs and UHF. When hemarthrosis produce a puncture of the knee joint. In severe injuries impose plaster. Patients were followed over time, after decrease in acute phenomena of re-examination is carried out to completely rule out other injuries of the knee joint. disability period ranges from 2 weeks to a month or more.
fractured tibia is usually not difficult. Unlike fractures, leg injury when there is abnormal mobility, deformation, shortening and bone crunch. Pressure on the heel painless. The X-ray tibia no change. When hematomas detected on MRI volumetric education. As with the other foot injuries, treatment is usually conservative. In large and long-standing non-absorbable hematoma produce autopsy. In the late period in sometimes develops muscle fibrosis or myositis ossificans.
fractures and ligament damage. On the injury shows no abnormal mobility, crepitation and pain on palpation of the bones and ligaments. Swelling usually is weak or moderate, swelling does not apply to the sole. Radiographs of the foot and ankle are normal. Medical tactic is the same as in the other leg injuries. Sometimes you need an autopsy subungual hematoma. disability period is 1-3 weeks.
Prognosis is usually favorable. Hypertensive syndrome is rare. In severe leg injuries in some patients after injury can be detected trophic disorders, pain and degenerative changes in the bones, caused by the destruction of soft tissue and nerve endings, aseptic inflammation and subsequent scarring.